Wrench.



No. 866,448. PATRNTRD Nov. 6, 1906. 6. R. LOWRY 66 R. BERNHARD.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION IILRD Amma, 1966.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Elim? lllh PATRNTRD Nov. 6, 1906. c. B. LoWRY R R. BERNHARD.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED APB.27,1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

[UNITED .STATES rigrnNr onirica.

CUTHBERT Bi LOWRY, OF 1LEXINGTON, KENlUCKYQ/AND RICHARDq BERNHARD, OF CHICAGO, lLLINOIS. 1

WRENCH.

To aIZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, CUTHBERT B. LownY,

of Lexington, in the county of Fayette, State strength and power and one wherein all the4 rollers of a series of gripping-rollers will simultaneously coperate regardless of the position occupied by the wrench.

The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out inthe claims.

Inthe accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa face view. Fig. 4 shows the application of the wrench to a spindle. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view'of a'portion of the casingand socket-head'. Fig. 6 is a plan view of one air of rollers and their carrier, portions of) the casing and socket-head being broken away.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates an annular casing of heavy metal having an annular opening, which is preferably faced with a steel ring 2. Within this annular opening is located a socket-head 3, which has a central square opening 4 to accommodate nuts or to engage angular spindles, as 5, which at one end may be formed to engage nuts, as

shown in Fig. 4. This socket-head at its perlphery has a series of separate chambers, in

each of whichislocated two rollers 6, which are held in constant alinement b a carrier 7, so that'both rollers will always lie in roper relation to each other and to the perlpheral edge of the socket-head. We have shown four chambers and a corresponding number of sets of rollers. The several chambers' are separated by eripheralpro'ections 8, curved at their peri eries on a ra' ius to conform to the wall of tlie casing-opening. The eri hery of the socket-head within each c am er Specification of Letters Patent. i i

. Patented Nov. 6, 1906.

is formed with two separate bearing-surfaces 9, each 'consistingwf a steel late set into a groove in the edge of the head." These bearing-plates are eccentrically positioned, so that their surfaces and the wall of the annular opening will be' approximately convergent. Hence the rollers will be in binding engagement with the head and the casing as they are moved longitudinally with their carriers toward the reduced ends of the chambers and will be released by a slight reverse movement. Each of the carriers consists of two connected sidebars formed with open-end slotsv to accommodate the journals 10 of the rollers, and said side bars are built u at points 12, so as to abut against the wa l of the casing-opening. `Each of the carriers is constantly under the tension of coiled springs 13, bearing against the endconnecting-bar thereof such springs being located in bores formed of the peripheral projections 8. The tendency of these springs is to constantl hold the rollers toward the reduced ends of t 1e several chambers. Under the slightest axial motion of the annular. casingv by cwer applied to the radial handle 14 thereof lioth of the rollers of each set of rollers will be immediately brought into frictional enga ement with the -casin and the socket-hea There is not thees ightest opportunit of an lone roller failing to "operate simu taneous y with the others, sirice both rollers of cach set are held in perfect alinement with each other, and any reverse motion of the wrench is taken up by the-several springs 13, which will return the in the straight facesI carriers and rollers to their normal positions" power lis desired, a supplemental arranged in pairs and held in fixed alinement by sprin -pressed Camiers a quick and effective clutc ng action between the two /movable members is had. The best results are obtained by arrangin the rollers in pairs and ^having them movab e in unison. Only the slightest axial movement of the annular cas- IOO lingis required to clutch or unclutch the two arts, the rollers revolving on their own axes m binding and releasing such parts.

The features of this invention may be emplnyred in friction-clutches generally.

e claim as our invention- 1. The combination with two parts or members, each, movable relatively to the other, and having an intervening space, the opposite walls whereof are approximately convergent at a plurality of points, rollers located in independently-movable pairs within such s ace at such` points, means for holding the ro ers of each pair in constant relation to cach other, and means tending tol normally hold the rollers in engagement with the opposite walls at said points of convergence.

2. The combination with two parts or members, each movable relatively to the other, withy a series of separate chambers between the two members, the walls of each chamber being approximately conver ent at a pluralit of points, a plurality of ro ers located witliin each chamber and designed to en age the opjliosite-walls thereof, means for hoidlng the ro 1ers in each chamber in fixed alinement lwith each other, and means tendin to normally hold the rollers toward the re ucedportions of each chamber.

3. A wrench comprising a casing having an annular opening, a socket-hea within said opening, a series of separate chambers being formed between the socket-head and the Wall of saidiopening, each chamber having eccentrically-arranfed walls, rollers located `within said cham ers, and carriers for holding the rollers of each chamber in fixed relation to each other. l l

' 4. A wrench comprising a casing having an annular opening, a socket-head iitte within said Lopening, a series of separate chambers being formed between the sockethead and the Wall of. said opening, each chamber having eccetrically-yarranged walls a plurality of rollers located within sai chambers, carriers for holding the rollers of each chamber in fixed relation to each other,

and springs acting on said carriers.

5. Ahe combination with the casing having an annular opening, of. the socket-head fitted in said opening and having at its periphery a series of 's aced-a art chambers, the eriphery of said cad wit in each chamber eing eccentric, at two different points, to the axls of the wrench, a roller for coperating with each eccentric portion of each chamber, a carrier for holding the rollers of each chamber in fixed relation to each other, and means acting on said carrier for holding the rollers toward one end of each chamber.

6. The combination with the casing having an annular openin of the socket-head fitted in said opening aving a series of peripheral projections and intermediate cham# bers, eac chamber having separate bearin surfaces eccentric tothe axis of the wrenc rollers within said chambers, carriers for said rollers, and springs mounted in said peripheral projections and actin on said carriers. 7.` The combination wit the casing havlng an annular opening, of the socket-head having a series of peripheral 'projections forming separate chambers having bearin surfaces eccentric to the axis of the wrenc rollers located in said chambers, carriers for holdin each pair of rollers in fixed relation to .eac other, said carriers comprisin connected side bars having open-ended s ots to accommodate the journals of said rollers, and springs mounted insaid projections and acting' on sald carriers.

.n testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscriblng witnesses.

UTHBERT B. LOWEY. ICHARD BERNHARD.

Witnesses:

FRANCIS S. MAGUrRE, VERNON E. WEST 

